Concentric double hollow grid cathode discharges. Spectral investigations and phenomenological approach

Hollow Cathode Discharges - Analytical Applications

The low pressure glow discharges considered in this paper are the hollow cathode (Paschen), and the flat cathode (Grimm). Both discharges have similar voltage—current characteristics which are responsible for their radiation stability. The analytical sample is supplied to the discharge through a sputtering mechanism which provides a stable and non-selective source of particles. Some of the fund...

Hollow Cathode Discharges for Gas Lasers

With the exception of the 632.8 nm neon line all the important visible and ultraviolet cw gas laser lines belong to the spectra of ionized atoms. To achieve proper laser oscillation the excitation of the upper levels of these lines is of primary importance. High energy electrons are needed for this process. As such electrons are in high concentration in the hollow cathode discharge, it was obvi...

Transition characteristics of low-pressure discharges in a hollow cathode

Microhollow cathode discharges

By reducing the dimensions of hollow cathodes into the hundred micrometer range, stable, direct current, high ~atmospheric! pressure glow discharges in rare gases, rare gas–halide mixtures and in air could be generated. The electron energy distribution in these microdischarges is non-Maxwellian, with a pronounced high-energy tail. The high electron energy together with the high gas density, whi...

Comparison of hollow cathode and Penning discharges for metastable He production

The production of helium 2 1S singlet metastable atoms has been investigated using a hollow cathode discharge and a Penning discharge, under dc discharge conditions. The density of metastable atoms was measured by atomic absorption using the 2 1S–3 1P transition (501.57 nm). A range of plasma currents, varying from 16 to 180 mA, and a range of pressures, from 100 mTorr to 5 Torr, were investiga...